Who actually ratified what
Signature, ratification, and withdrawal status for major multilateral treaties, one row per country per treaty — scraped directly from the UN Treaty Collection, with signed-but-never-ratified and withdrawn cases flagged explicitly rather than left as an absence of data.
40
Treaties tracked
193
UN member states
400
Signed, not ratified
10
Withdrawals
Tracked treaties
View all →Environment & climate
Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction
99/193 UN member states ratified · 45 signed, not ratified
+4 non-UN members
Arms control & security
Arms Trade Treaty
116/193 UN member states ratified · 25 signed, not ratified
+2 non-UN members
Environment & climate
Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal
188/193 UN member states ratified · 2 signed, not ratified
+3 non-UN members
Arms control & security
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban TreatyNot yet in force
176/193 UN member states ratified · 9 signed, not ratified
+3 non-UN members
Human rights
Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
174/193 UN member states ratified · 4 signed, not ratified
+2 non-UN members
Environment & climate
Convention on Biological Diversity
192/193 UN member states ratified · 1 signed, not ratified
+4 non-UN members
Arms control & security
Convention on Cluster Munitions
108/193 UN member states ratified · 1 withdrawn · 12 signed, not ratified
+4 non-UN members
Arms control & security
Convention on Prohibitions or Restrictions on the Use of Certain Conventional Weapons which may be deemed to be Excessively Injurious or to have Indiscriminate Effects
126/193 UN member states ratified · 4 signed, not ratified
+2 non-UN members
Human rights
Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women
187/193 UN member states ratified · 2 signed, not ratified
+2 non-UN members
International justice
Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide
153/193 UN member states ratified · 1 signed, not ratified
+1 non-UN member
Arms control & security
Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on their Destruction
189/193 UN member states ratified · 1 signed, not ratified
+4 non-UN members
Arms control & security
Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction
158/193 UN member states ratified · 5 withdrawn
+4 non-UN members
Human rights
Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness
82/193 UN member states ratified · 3 signed, not ratified
Human rights
Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities
191/193 UN member states ratified · 2 signed, not ratified
+3 non-UN members
Human rights
Convention on the Rights of the Child
192/193 UN member states ratified · 1 signed, not ratified
+4 non-UN members
Human rights
Convention relating to the Status of Refugees
145/193 UN member states ratified
+1 non-UN member
Human rights
International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance
78/193 UN member states ratified · 39 signed, not ratified
Human rights
International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination
180/193 UN member states ratified · 3 signed, not ratified
+2 non-UN members
Human rights
International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families
60/193 UN member states ratified · 11 signed, not ratified
Human rights
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights
174/193 UN member states ratified · 6 signed, not ratified
+1 non-UN member
Human rights
International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights
173/193 UN member states ratified · 4 signed, not ratified
+1 non-UN member
Environment & climate
Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
170/193 UN member states ratified
+4 non-UN members
Environment & climate
Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
189/193 UN member states ratified · 1 withdrawn · 1 signed, not ratified
+3 non-UN members
Environment & climate
Minamata Convention on Mercury
152/193 UN member states ratified · 13 signed, not ratified
+2 non-UN members
Environment & climate
Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer
193/193 UN member states ratified
+5 non-UN members
Environment & climate
Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity
142/193 UN member states ratified · 14 signed, not ratified
+1 non-UN member
Human rights
Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict
171/193 UN member states ratified · 7 signed, not ratified
+2 non-UN members
Environment & climate
Paris Agreement
189/193 UN member states ratified · 1 withdrawn · 3 signed, not ratified
+5 non-UN members
International justice
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court
123/193 UN member states ratified · 2 withdrawn · 29 signed, not ratified
+2 non-UN members
Environment & climate
Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade
165/193 UN member states ratified · 4 signed, not ratified
+3 non-UN members
Human rights
Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty
91/193 UN member states ratified
+1 non-UN member
Environment & climate
Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants
182/193 UN member states ratified · 5 signed, not ratified
+4 non-UN members
Arms control & security
Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons
71/193 UN member states ratified · 26 signed, not ratified
+4 non-UN members
Trade & governance
United Nations Convention against Corruption
188/193 UN member states ratified · 1 signed, not ratified
+5 non-UN members
Trade & governance
United Nations Convention against CybercrimeNot yet in force
3/193 UN member states ratified · 90 signed, not ratified
+2 non-UN members
Trade & governance
United Nations Convention against Transnational Organized Crime
190/193 UN member states ratified · 1 signed, not ratified
+5 non-UN members
Trade & governance
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
168/193 UN member states ratified · 12 signed, not ratified
+4 non-UN members
Environment & climate
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa
193/193 UN member states ratified
+4 non-UN members
Environment & climate
United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
193/193 UN member states ratified
+5 non-UN members
Trade & governance
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
117/193 UN member states ratified · 15 signed, not ratified
+2 non-UN members
Notable withdrawals
Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction · effective 2026-02-20
Paris Agreement · effective 2026-01-27
Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction · effective 2026-01-10
Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction · effective 2025-12-27
Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction · effective 2025-12-27
Convention on the Prohibition of the Use, Stockpiling, Production and Transfer of Anti-Personnel Mines and on their Destruction · effective 2025-12-27
Convention on Cluster Munitions · effective 2025-03-06
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court · effective 2019-03-17
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court · effective 2017-10-27
Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change · effective 2012-12-15
Signed but never ratified, most often
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Convention on the Rights of the Child, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, Convention on Biological Diversity, Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, Arms Trade Treaty, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict, Basel Convention on the Control of Transboundary Movements of Hazardous Wastes and their Disposal, Stockholm Convention on Persistent Organic Pollutants, Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, Arms Trade Treaty, Convention on Cluster Munitions
Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, Rotterdam Convention on the Prior Informed Consent Procedure for Certain Hazardous Chemicals and Pesticides in International Trade, Minamata Convention on Mercury, Treaty on the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons, Arms Trade Treaty, Convention on Cluster Munitions, United Nations Convention against Cybercrime, Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women, Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families, International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, United Nations Convention against Cybercrime
Paris Agreement, Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the involvement of children in armed conflict, Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, United Nations Convention against Cybercrime
Paris Agreement, Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court, Minamata Convention on Mercury, Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, United Nations Convention against Cybercrime, Agreement under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea on the Conservation and Sustainable Use of Marine Biological Diversity of Areas beyond National Jurisdiction, Nagoya Protocol on Access to Genetic Resources and the Fair and Equitable Sharing of Benefits Arising from their Utilization to the Convention on Biological Diversity