Trade & governance
Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties
Source: UN Treaty Collection · scraped 2026-09-26
Figures below count the 193 UN member states separately from other parties to this treaty (international organizations and non-member observer states) — a treaty can have more parties than there are UN member states.
117/193
RatifiedUN member states
119 in total, incl. 2 non-UN members (Holy See, State of Palestine)
15
Signed, not ratifiedUN member states
0
WithdrawnUN member states
61
No actionUN member states
| Country | Signature | Ratification | Withdrawal | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | 1969-05-23 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Albania | — | 2001-06-27(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Algeria | — | 1988-11-08(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Andorra | — | 2004-04-05(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Angola | — | — | — | No action |
| Antigua and Barbuda | — | — | — | No action |
| Argentina | 1969-05-23 | 1972-12-05 | — | Ratified |
| Armenia | — | 2005-05-17(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Australia | — | 1974-06-13(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Austria | — | 1979-04-30(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Azerbaijan | — | 2018-01-11(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Bahamas | — | — | — | No action |
| Bahrain | — | 2025-09-24(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Bangladesh | — | — | — | No action |
| Barbados | 1969-05-23 | 1971-06-24 | — | Ratified |
| Belarus | — | 1986-05-01(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Belgium | — | 1992-09-01(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Belize | — | — | — | No action |
| Benin | — | 2017-11-02(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Bhutan | — | — | — | No action |
| Bolivia | 1969-05-23 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | — | 1993-09-01(Succession) | — | Ratified |
| Botswana | — | — | — | No action |
| Brazil | 1969-05-23 | 2009-09-25 | — | Ratified |
| Brunei Darussalam | — | — | — | No action |
| Bulgaria | — | 1987-04-21(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Burkina Faso | — | 2006-05-25(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Burundi | — | — | — | No action |
| Cabo Verde | — | — | — | No action |
| Cambodia | 1969-05-23 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Cameroon | — | 1991-10-23(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Canada | — | 1970-10-14(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Central African Republic | — | 1971-12-10(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Chad | — | — | — | No action |
| Chile | 1969-05-23 | 1981-04-09 | — | Ratified |
| China | — | 1997-09-03(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Colombia | 1969-05-23 | 1985-04-10 | — | Ratified |
| Comoros | — | — | — | No action |
| Congo | 1969-05-23 | 1982-04-12 | — | Ratified |
| Costa Rica | 1969-05-23 | 1996-11-22 | — | Ratified |
| Croatia | — | 1992-10-12(Succession) | — | Ratified |
| Cuba | — | 1998-09-09(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Cyprus | — | 1976-12-28(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Czech Republic | — | 1993-02-22(Succession) | — | Ratified |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 1969-07-23 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Democratic People's Republic of Korea | — | — | — | No action |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | — | 1977-07-25(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Denmark | 1970-04-18 | 1976-06-01 | — | Ratified |
| Djibouti | — | — | — | No action |
| Dominica | — | — | — | No action |
| Dominican Republic | — | 2010-04-01(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Ecuador | 1969-05-23 | 2005-02-11 | — | Ratified |
| Egypt | — | 1982-02-11(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| El Salvador | 1970-02-16 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Equatorial Guinea | — | — | — | No action |
| Eritrea | — | — | — | No action |
| Estonia | — | 1991-10-21(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Eswatini | — | — | — | No action |
| Ethiopia | 1970-04-30 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Fiji | — | — | — | No action |
| Finland | 1969-05-23 | 1977-08-19 | — | Ratified |
| France | — | — | — | No action |
| Gabon | — | 2004-11-05(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Gambia | — | — | — | No action |
| Georgia | — | 1995-06-08(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Germany | 1970-04-30 | 1987-07-21 | — | Ratified |
| Ghana | 1969-05-23 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Greece | — | 1974-10-30(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Grenada | — | — | — | No action |
| Guatemala | 1969-05-23 | 1997-07-21 | — | Ratified |
| Guinea | — | 2005-09-16(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Guinea-Bissau | — | — | — | No action |
| Guyana | 1969-05-23 | 2005-09-15 | — | Ratified |
| Haiti | — | 1980-08-25(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Holy SeeNon-UN member | 1969-09-30 | 1977-02-25 | — | Ratified |
| Honduras | 1969-05-23 | 1979-09-20 | — | Ratified |
| Hungary | — | 1987-06-19(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Iceland | — | 2025-09-25(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| India | — | — | — | No action |
| Indonesia | — | — | — | No action |
| Iran | 1969-05-23 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Iraq | — | — | — | No action |
| Ireland | — | 2006-08-07(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Israel | — | — | — | No action |
| Italy | 1970-04-22 | 1974-07-25 | — | Ratified |
| Jamaica | 1969-05-23 | 1970-07-28 | — | Ratified |
| Japan | — | 1981-07-02(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Jordan | — | — | — | No action |
| Kazakhstan | — | 1994-01-05(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Kenya | 1969-05-23 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Kiribati | — | 2005-09-15(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Kuwait | — | 1975-11-11(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Kyrgyzstan | — | 1999-05-11(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Lao People's Democratic Republic | — | 1998-03-31(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Latvia | — | 1993-05-04(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Lebanon | — | — | — | No action |
| Lesotho | — | 1972-03-03(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Liberia | 1969-05-23 | 1985-08-29 | — | Ratified |
| Libya | — | 2008-12-22(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Liechtenstein | — | 1990-02-08(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Lithuania | — | 1992-01-15(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Luxembourg | 1969-09-04 | 2003-05-23 | — | Ratified |
| Madagascar | 1969-05-23 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Malawi | — | 1983-08-23(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Malaysia | — | 1994-07-27(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Maldives | — | 2005-09-14(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Mali | — | 1998-08-31(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Malta | — | 2012-09-26(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Marshall Islands | — | — | — | No action |
| Mauritania | — | — | — | No action |
| Mauritius | — | 1973-01-18(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Mexico | 1969-05-23 | 1974-09-25 | — | Ratified |
| Micronesia | — | — | — | No action |
| Monaco | — | — | — | No action |
| Mongolia | — | 1988-05-16(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Montenegro | — | 2006-10-23(Succession) | — | Ratified |
| Morocco | 1969-05-23 | 1972-09-26 | — | Ratified |
| Mozambique | — | 2001-05-08(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Myanmar | — | 1998-09-16(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Namibia | — | — | — | No action |
| Nauru | — | 1978-05-05(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Nepal | 1969-05-23 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Netherlands | — | 1985-04-09(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| New Zealand | 1970-04-29 | 1971-08-04 | — | Ratified |
| Nicaragua | — | — | — | No action |
| Niger | — | 1971-10-27(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Nigeria | 1969-05-23 | 1969-07-31 | — | Ratified |
| North Macedonia | — | 1999-07-08(Succession) | — | Ratified |
| Norway | — | — | — | No action |
| Oman | — | 1990-10-18(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Pakistan | 1970-04-29 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Palau | — | — | — | No action |
| Panama | — | 1980-07-28(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Papua New Guinea | — | — | — | No action |
| Paraguay | — | 1972-02-03(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Peru | 1969-05-23 | 2000-09-14 | — | Ratified |
| Philippines | 1969-05-23 | 1972-11-15 | — | Ratified |
| Poland | — | 1990-07-02(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Portugal | — | 2004-02-06(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Qatar | — | — | — | No action |
| Republic of Korea | 1969-11-27 | 1977-04-27 | — | Ratified |
| Moldova | — | 1993-01-26(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Romania | — | — | — | No action |
| Russian Federation | — | 1986-04-29(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Rwanda | — | 1980-01-03(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | — | — | — | No action |
| Saint Lucia | — | — | — | No action |
| Samoa | — | — | — | No action |
| San Marino | — | — | — | No action |
| Sao Tome and Principe | — | — | — | No action |
| Saudi Arabia | — | 2003-04-14(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Senegal | — | 1986-04-11(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Serbia | — | 2001-03-12(Succession) | — | Ratified |
| Seychelles | — | 2026-05-29(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Sierra Leone | — | — | — | No action |
| Singapore | — | — | — | No action |
| Slovakia | — | 1993-05-28(Succession) | — | Ratified |
| Slovenia | — | 1992-07-06(Succession) | — | Ratified |
| Solomon Islands | — | 1989-08-09(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Somalia | — | — | — | No action |
| South Africa | — | — | — | No action |
| South Sudan | — | — | — | No action |
| Spain | — | 1972-05-16(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Sri Lanka | — | — | — | No action |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | — | 1999-04-27(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| State of PalestineNon-UN member | — | 2014-04-02(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Sudan | 1969-05-23 | 1990-04-18 | — | Ratified |
| Suriname | — | 1991-01-31(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Sweden | 1970-04-23 | 1975-02-04 | — | Ratified |
| Switzerland | — | 1990-05-07(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Syrian Arab Republic | — | 1970-10-02(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Tajikistan | — | 1996-05-06(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Thailand | — | — | — | No action |
| Timor-Leste | — | 2013-01-08(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Togo | — | 1979-12-28(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Tonga | — | — | — | No action |
| Trinidad and Tobago | 1969-05-23 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Tunisia | — | 1971-06-23(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Turkmenistan | — | 1996-01-04(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Tuvalu | — | — | — | No action |
| Türkiye | — | — | — | No action |
| Uganda | — | — | — | No action |
| Ukraine | — | 1986-05-14(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| United Arab Emirates | — | — | — | No action |
| United Kingdom | 1970-04-20 | 1971-06-25 | — | Ratified |
| United Republic of Tanzania | — | 1976-04-12(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| United States of America | 1970-04-24 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Uruguay | 1969-05-23 | 1982-03-05 | — | Ratified |
| Uzbekistan | — | 1995-07-12(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Vanuatu | — | — | — | No action |
| Venezuela | — | — | — | No action |
| Viet Nam | — | 2001-10-10(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Yemen | — | — | — | No action |
| Zambia | 1969-05-23 | — | — | Signed, not ratified |
| Zimbabwe | — | — | — | No action |