Human rights

Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty

Source: UN Treaty Collection · scraped 2026-09-26

Figures below count the 193 UN member states separately from other parties to this treaty (international organizations and non-member observer states) — a treaty can have more parties than there are UN member states.

91/193

RatifiedUN member states

92 in total, incl. 1 non-UN member (State of Palestine)

Signed, not ratifiedUN member states

WithdrawnUN member states

102

No actionUN member states

All Ratified Signed, not ratified Withdrawn No action

Country	Signature	Ratification	Withdrawal	Status
Afghanistan	—	—	—	No action
Algeria	—	—	—	No action
Antigua and Barbuda	—	—	—	No action
Bahamas	—	—	—	No action
Bahrain	—	—	—	No action
Bangladesh	—	—	—	No action
Barbados	—	—	—	No action
Belarus	—	—	—	No action
Belize	—	—	—	No action
Bhutan	—	—	—	No action
Botswana	—	—	—	No action
Brunei Darussalam	—	—	—	No action
Burkina Faso	—	—	—	No action
Burundi	—	—	—	No action
Cambodia	—	—	—	No action
Cameroon	—	—	—	No action
Central African Republic	—	—	—	No action
Chad	—	—	—	No action
China	—	—	—	No action
Comoros	—	—	—	No action
Congo	—	—	—	No action
Cuba	—	—	—	No action
Democratic People's Republic of Korea	—	—	—	No action
Democratic Republic of the Congo	—	—	—	No action
Dominica	—	—	—	No action
Egypt	—	—	—	No action
Equatorial Guinea	—	—	—	No action
Eritrea	—	—	—	No action
Eswatini	—	—	—	No action
Ethiopia	—	—	—	No action
Fiji	—	—	—	No action
Ghana	—	—	—	No action
Grenada	—	—	—	No action
Guatemala	—	—	—	No action
Guinea	—	—	—	No action
Guyana	—	—	—	No action
Haiti	—	—	—	No action
India	—	—	—	No action
Indonesia	—	—	—	No action
Iran	—	—	—	No action
Iraq	—	—	—	No action
Israel	—	—	—	No action
Jamaica	—	—	—	No action
Japan	—	—	—	No action
Jordan	—	—	—	No action
Kenya	—	—	—	No action
Kiribati	—	—	—	No action
Kuwait	—	—	—	No action
Lao People's Democratic Republic	—	—	—	No action
Lebanon	—	—	—	No action
Lesotho	—	—	—	No action
Libya	—	—	—	No action
Malawi	—	—	—	No action
Malaysia	—	—	—	No action
Maldives	—	—	—	No action
Mali	—	—	—	No action
Marshall Islands	—	—	—	No action
Mauritania	—	—	—	No action
Mauritius	—	—	—	No action
Micronesia	—	—	—	No action
Morocco	—	—	—	No action
Myanmar	—	—	—	No action
Nauru	—	—	—	No action
Niger	—	—	—	No action
Nigeria	—	—	—	No action
Oman	—	—	—	No action
Pakistan	—	—	—	No action
Palau	—	—	—	No action
Papua New Guinea	—	—	—	No action
Peru	—	—	—	No action
Qatar	—	—	—	No action
Republic of Korea	—	—	—	No action
Russian Federation	—	—	—	No action
Saint Kitts and Nevis	—	—	—	No action
Saint Lucia	—	—	—	No action
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	—	—	—	No action
Samoa	—	—	—	No action
Saudi Arabia	—	—	—	No action
Senegal	—	—	—	No action
Sierra Leone	—	—	—	No action
Singapore	—	—	—	No action
Solomon Islands	—	—	—	No action
Somalia	—	—	—	No action
South Sudan	—	—	—	No action
Sri Lanka	—	—	—	No action
Sudan	—	—	—	No action
Suriname	—	—	—	No action
Syrian Arab Republic	—	—	—	No action
Tajikistan	—	—	—	No action
Thailand	—	—	—	No action
Tonga	—	—	—	No action
Trinidad and Tobago	—	—	—	No action
Tunisia	—	—	—	No action
Tuvalu	—	—	—	No action
Uganda	—	—	—	No action
United Arab Emirates	—	—	—	No action
United Republic of Tanzania	—	—	—	No action
United States of America	—	—	—	No action
Vanuatu	—	—	—	No action
Viet Nam	—	—	—	No action
Yemen	—	—	—	No action
Zimbabwe	—	—	—	No action