Environment & climate
United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification in those Countries Experiencing Serious Drought and/or Desertification, Particularly in Africa
Source: UN Treaty Collection · scraped 2026-09-26
Figures below count the 193 UN member states separately from other parties to this treaty (international organizations and non-member observer states) — a treaty can have more parties than there are UN member states.
193/193
RatifiedUN member states
197 in total, incl. 4 non-UN members (Cook Islands, European Union, Niue, State of Palestine)
0
Signed, not ratifiedUN member states
0
WithdrawnUN member states
0
No actionUN member states
| Country | Signature | Ratification | Withdrawal | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Afghanistan | — | 1995-11-01(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Albania | — | 2000-04-27(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Algeria | 1994-10-14 | 1996-05-22 | — | Ratified |
| Andorra | — | 2002-07-15(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Angola | 1994-10-14 | 1997-06-30 | — | Ratified |
| Antigua and Barbuda | 1995-04-04 | 1997-06-06 | — | Ratified |
| Argentina | 1994-10-15 | 1997-01-06 | — | Ratified |
| Armenia | 1994-10-14 | 1997-07-02 | — | Ratified |
| Australia | 1994-10-14 | 2000-05-15 | — | Ratified |
| Austria | — | 1997-06-02(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Azerbaijan | — | 1998-08-10(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Bahamas | — | 2000-11-10(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Bahrain | — | 1997-07-14(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Bangladesh | 1994-10-14 | 1996-01-26 | — | Ratified |
| Barbados | — | 1997-05-14(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Belarus | — | 2001-08-29(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Belgium | — | 1997-06-30(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Belize | — | 1998-07-23(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Benin | 1994-10-14 | 1996-08-29 | — | Ratified |
| Bhutan | — | 2003-08-20(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Bolivia | 1994-10-14 | 1996-08-01 | — | Ratified |
| Bosnia and Herzegovina | — | 2002-08-26(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Botswana | 1995-10-12 | 1996-09-11 | — | Ratified |
| Brazil | 1994-10-14 | 1997-06-25 | — | Ratified |
| Brunei Darussalam | — | 2002-12-04(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Bulgaria | — | 2001-02-21(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Burkina Faso | 1994-10-14 | 1996-01-26 | — | Ratified |
| Burundi | 1994-10-14 | 1997-01-06 | — | Ratified |
| Cabo Verde | 1994-10-14 | 1995-05-08 | — | Ratified |
| Cambodia | 1994-10-15 | 1997-08-18 | — | Ratified |
| Cameroon | 1994-10-14 | 1997-05-29 | — | Ratified |
| Canada | — | 2016-12-21(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Central African Republic | 1994-10-14 | 1996-09-05 | — | Ratified |
| Chad | 1994-10-14 | 1996-09-27 | — | Ratified |
| Chile | 1995-03-03 | 1997-11-11 | — | Ratified |
| China | 1994-10-14 | 1997-02-18 | — | Ratified |
| Colombia | 1994-10-14 | 1999-06-08 | — | Ratified |
| Comoros | 1994-10-14 | 1998-03-03 | — | Ratified |
| Congo | 1994-10-15 | 1999-07-12 | — | Ratified |
| Cook IslandsNon-UN member | — | 1998-08-21(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Costa Rica | 1994-10-15 | 1998-01-05 | — | Ratified |
| Croatia | 1994-10-15 | 2000-10-06(Acceptance) | — | Ratified |
| Cuba | 1994-10-15 | 1997-03-13 | — | Ratified |
| Cyprus | — | 2000-03-29(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Czech Republic | — | 2000-01-25(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Côte d'Ivoire | 1994-10-15 | 1997-03-04 | — | Ratified |
| Democratic People's Republic of Korea | — | 2003-12-29(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Democratic Republic of the Congo | 1994-10-14 | 1997-09-12 | — | Ratified |
| Denmark | 1994-10-15 | 1995-12-22 | — | Ratified |
| Djibouti | 1994-10-15 | 1997-06-12 | — | Ratified |
| Dominica | — | 1997-12-08(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Dominican Republic | — | 1997-06-26(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Ecuador | 1995-01-19 | 1995-09-06 | — | Ratified |
| Egypt | 1994-10-14 | 1995-07-07 | — | Ratified |
| El Salvador | — | 1997-06-27(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Equatorial Guinea | 1994-10-14 | 1997-06-27 | — | Ratified |
| Eritrea | 1994-10-14 | 1996-08-14 | — | Ratified |
| Estonia | — | 2012-02-08(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Eswatini | 1995-07-27 | 1996-10-07 | — | Ratified |
| Ethiopia | 1994-10-15 | 1997-06-27 | — | Ratified |
| European UnionNon-UN member | 1994-10-14 | 1998-03-26 | — | Ratified |
| Fiji | — | 1998-08-26(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Finland | 1994-10-15 | 1995-09-20(Acceptance) | — | Ratified |
| France | 1994-10-14 | 1997-06-12 | — | Ratified |
| Gabon | — | 1996-09-06(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Gambia | 1994-10-14 | 1996-06-11 | — | Ratified |
| Georgia | 1994-10-15 | 1999-07-23 | — | Ratified |
| Germany | 1994-10-14 | 1996-07-10 | — | Ratified |
| Ghana | 1994-10-15 | 1996-12-27 | — | Ratified |
| Greece | 1994-10-14 | 1997-05-05 | — | Ratified |
| Grenada | — | 1997-05-28(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Guatemala | — | 1998-09-10(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Guinea | 1994-10-14 | 1997-06-23 | — | Ratified |
| Guinea-Bissau | 1994-10-15 | 1995-10-27 | — | Ratified |
| Guyana | — | 1997-06-26(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Haiti | 1994-10-15 | 1996-09-25 | — | Ratified |
| Honduras | 1995-02-22 | 1997-06-25 | — | Ratified |
| Hungary | — | 1999-07-13(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Iceland | — | 1997-06-03(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| India | 1994-10-14 | 1996-12-17 | — | Ratified |
| Indonesia | 1994-10-15 | 1998-08-31 | — | Ratified |
| Iran | 1994-10-14 | 1997-04-29 | — | Ratified |
| Iraq | — | 2010-05-28(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Ireland | 1994-10-15 | 1997-07-31 | — | Ratified |
| Israel | 1994-10-14 | 1996-03-26 | — | Ratified |
| Italy | 1994-10-14 | 1997-06-23 | — | Ratified |
| Jamaica | — | 1997-11-12(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Japan | 1994-10-14 | 1998-09-11(Acceptance) | — | Ratified |
| Jordan | 1995-04-13 | 1996-10-21 | — | Ratified |
| Kazakhstan | 1994-10-14 | 1997-07-09 | — | Ratified |
| Kenya | 1994-10-14 | 1997-06-24 | — | Ratified |
| Kiribati | — | 1998-09-08(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Kuwait | 1995-09-22 | 1997-06-27 | — | Ratified |
| Kyrgyzstan | — | 1997-09-19(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Lao People's Democratic Republic | 1995-08-30 | 1996-09-20(Acceptance) | — | Ratified |
| Latvia | — | 2002-10-21(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Lebanon | 1994-10-14 | 1996-05-16 | — | Ratified |
| Lesotho | 1994-10-15 | 1995-09-12 | — | Ratified |
| Liberia | — | 1998-03-02(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Libya | 1994-10-15 | 1996-07-22 | — | Ratified |
| Liechtenstein | — | 1999-12-29(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Lithuania | — | 2003-07-25(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Luxembourg | 1994-10-14 | 1997-02-04 | — | Ratified |
| Madagascar | 1994-10-14 | 1997-06-25 | — | Ratified |
| Malawi | 1995-01-17 | 1996-06-13 | — | Ratified |
| Malaysia | 1995-10-06 | 1997-06-25 | — | Ratified |
| Maldives | — | 2002-09-03(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Mali | 1994-10-15 | 1995-10-31 | — | Ratified |
| Malta | 1994-10-15 | 1998-01-30 | — | Ratified |
| Marshall Islands | — | 1998-06-02(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Mauritania | 1994-10-14 | 1996-08-07 | — | Ratified |
| Mauritius | 1995-03-17 | 1996-01-23 | — | Ratified |
| Mexico | 1994-10-15 | 1995-04-03 | — | Ratified |
| Micronesia | 1994-12-12 | 1996-03-25 | — | Ratified |
| Monaco | — | 1999-03-05(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Mongolia | 1994-10-15 | 1996-09-03 | — | Ratified |
| Montenegro | — | 2007-06-04(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Morocco | 1994-10-15 | 1996-11-07 | — | Ratified |
| Mozambique | 1995-09-28 | 1997-03-13 | — | Ratified |
| Myanmar | — | 1997-01-02(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Namibia | 1994-10-24 | 1997-05-16 | — | Ratified |
| Nauru | — | 1998-09-22(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Nepal | 1995-10-12 | 1996-10-15 | — | Ratified |
| Netherlands | 1994-10-15 | 1995-06-27(Acceptance) | — | Ratified |
| New Zealand | — | 2000-09-07(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Nicaragua | 1994-11-21 | 1998-02-17 | — | Ratified |
| Niger | 1994-10-14 | 1996-01-19 | — | Ratified |
| Nigeria | 1994-10-31 | 1997-07-08 | — | Ratified |
| NiueNon-UN member | — | 1998-08-14(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| North Macedonia | — | 2002-03-06(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Norway | 1994-10-15 | 1996-08-30 | — | Ratified |
| Oman | — | 1996-07-23(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Pakistan | 1994-10-15 | 1997-02-24 | — | Ratified |
| Palau | — | 1999-06-15(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Panama | 1995-02-22 | 1996-04-04 | — | Ratified |
| Papua New Guinea | — | 2000-12-06(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Paraguay | 1994-12-01 | 1997-01-15 | — | Ratified |
| Peru | 1994-10-15 | 1995-11-09 | — | Ratified |
| Philippines | 1994-12-08 | 2000-02-10 | — | Ratified |
| Poland | — | 2001-11-14(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Portugal | 1994-10-14 | 1996-04-01 | — | Ratified |
| Qatar | — | 1999-03-15(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Republic of Korea | 1994-10-14 | 1999-08-17 | — | Ratified |
| Moldova | — | 1999-03-10(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Romania | — | 1998-08-19(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Russian Federation | — | 2003-05-29(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Rwanda | 1995-06-22 | 1998-10-22 | — | Ratified |
| Samoa | — | 1998-08-21(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| San Marino | — | 1999-07-23(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Sao Tome and Principe | 1995-10-04 | 1998-07-08 | — | Ratified |
| Saudi Arabia | — | 1997-06-25(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Senegal | 1994-10-14 | 1995-07-26 | — | Ratified |
| Serbia | — | 2007-12-18(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Seychelles | 1994-10-14 | 1997-06-26 | — | Ratified |
| Sierra Leone | 1994-11-11 | 1997-09-25 | — | Ratified |
| Singapore | — | 1999-04-26(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Slovakia | — | 2002-01-07(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Slovenia | — | 2001-06-28(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Solomon Islands | — | 1999-04-16(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Somalia | — | 2002-07-24(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| South Africa | 1995-01-09 | 1997-09-30 | — | Ratified |
| South Sudan | — | 2014-02-17(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Spain | 1994-10-14 | 1996-01-30 | — | Ratified |
| Sri Lanka | — | 1998-12-09(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Saint Kitts and Nevis | — | 1997-06-30(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Saint Lucia | — | 1997-07-02(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Saint Vincent and the Grenadines | 1994-10-15 | 1998-03-16 | — | Ratified |
| State of PalestineNon-UN member | — | 2017-12-29(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Sudan | 1994-10-15 | 1995-11-24 | — | Ratified |
| Suriname | — | 2000-06-01(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Sweden | 1994-10-15 | 1995-12-12 | — | Ratified |
| Switzerland | 1994-10-14 | 1996-01-19 | — | Ratified |
| Syrian Arab Republic | 1994-10-15 | 1997-06-10 | — | Ratified |
| Tajikistan | — | 1997-07-16(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Thailand | — | 2001-03-07(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Timor-Leste | — | 2003-08-20(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Togo | 1994-10-15 | 1995-10-04(Acceptance) | — | Ratified |
| Tonga | — | 1998-09-25(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Trinidad and Tobago | — | 2000-06-08(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Tunisia | 1994-10-14 | 1995-10-11 | — | Ratified |
| Turkmenistan | 1995-03-27 | 1996-09-18 | — | Ratified |
| Tuvalu | — | 1998-09-14(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Türkiye | 1994-10-14 | 1998-03-31 | — | Ratified |
| Uganda | 1994-11-21 | 1997-06-25 | — | Ratified |
| Ukraine | — | 2002-08-27(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| United Arab Emirates | — | 1998-10-21(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| United Kingdom | 1994-10-14 | 1996-10-18 | — | Ratified |
| United Republic of Tanzania | 1994-10-14 | 1997-06-19 | — | Ratified |
| United States of America | 1994-10-14 | 2000-11-17 | — | Ratified |
| Uruguay | — | 1999-02-17(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Uzbekistan | 1994-12-07 | 1995-10-31 | — | Ratified |
| Vanuatu | 1995-09-28 | 1999-08-10 | — | Ratified |
| Venezuela | — | 1998-06-29(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Viet Nam | — | 1998-08-25(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Yemen | — | 1997-01-14(Accession) | — | Ratified |
| Zambia | 1994-10-15 | 1996-09-19 | — | Ratified |
| Zimbabwe | 1994-10-15 | 1997-09-23 | — | Ratified |